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Arduino Mini CNC Plotter Machine From Dvd Drives
by：Gewinn
2020-06-07
In this project I will show you how to easily build your own low
Arduino Mini CNC drawing machine!
This project is an update to my previous cnc with better structure and higher accuracy.
I decided to make this detailed guide to help you get it done in a few simple steps.
Small Description: for the x-axis and y-axis, we will use two stepping motors and rails in the dvd/cd drive, and for the z-axis, we will use a small servo motor that moves the pen up and down.
We will use a small piece of plexiglass for mounting the base.
You can easily attach a pen (or pencil)-
Regardless of its thicknesson it.
I try to use the extension of the cutting tool (e. g. Dremel)
There is no successful engraving material.
So this mini cnc can only be used as a small drawing machine, not as a engraving machine. The Arduino-
The circuit uses the ATmega328 micro-controller, two L293 motor drive chips and a usb-to-serial module.
With Arduino uno boards and breadboards, you can make them easily.
You can also use the Bluetooth module (e. g. HC-06)
Print your text (or images)
Wireless connection via computer Bluetooth!
Cool, right?
Q & A and updates here: cool Arduino items can be found here: www. ardumotive.
Here is the comWatch demo video, continue the next step!
Follow us on FB: us: channelTip: See the picture above.
Visit and purchase your hardware from www. gearbest.
ComFor the circuit you need: parts list for Beginners: parts list for \"pro\": * you also need an Arduino UNO board to program the ATmega328 micro controller.
* The USB to serial adapter will allow the circuit to communicate with the computer via a USB cable, just like the Arduino uno.
Why use the screw terminal connector?
Because you don\'t want to weld and disassemble the cable from the stepping motor until you find the right working combination!
For mounting base: In addition to plexiglass, you can also use wood, metal, or parts in a removable cd/dvd drive: The first step to start making this cnc machine is to disassemble the dvd/cd drive, and remove them from the stepping motor.
Open and remove the guide rail with a screwdriver (
See figure 1st above).
Now that we have two stepping motors, we need to weld some cables on them.
Please note that please see the 2nd image above.
Now we need to find the right combination to drive and use them correctly, so hold the multimeter with a crocodile clip (3rd image)
And put it in \"short-
Circuit function (4th image). Usually (5th image)
The first and second cables are turning off the circuit-
Led on, beep-
That means we found the first stage.
The motor of the stepping motor.
Two other cables, third and fourth, use phase 2-
The motor of the stepping motor.
In my case, a step motor uses the first and third cables in the first phase
The second and fourth cables of the motor and the second phasemotor.
Find the right combination and proceed to the next step.
Follow the steps below to see the picture above: for the x-axis: Place a stepping motor (with rails)
Mark it with a pen on a large piece of organic glass in order to open (4)
Hole of screw.
Make sure it\'s fully aligned! (
With a triangle ruler).
Open the hole and install the motor with nut screws.
Place the four mounting angles on one side of it and mark it with a pen in order to open (8)
Holes required for screws.
Make sure the distance between them is 5mm (
Thickness of organic glass).
The second picture above will help you learn more.
For the y-axis: place another stepping motor on two organic glass sheets and mark them with a pen for opening (4)
Hole of screw.
Again, make sure the motor is fully aligned (
With a triangle ruler).
Put two pieces of plexiglass on the x-axis (
Large organic glass)
Mark them with a pen in order to open (4)
Holes that need to be installed on the mounting angle.
Completion of construction: all holes are opened and construction is completed (
See Figures 3rd and 4 above).
As you can see, I placed a metal surface on the x-axis to install a note
It\'s paper on it. A note-
The paper usually has a size of 75mm x 75mm, but keep in mind that the printing area is only 40mm x 40mm.
Keep in mind that all parts must be exactly the same as the others, which is very important!
This is the most difficult part of our construction.
You need something to fix it on the y-axis, a flat surface.
On this surface, you will connect the servo motor (Z axis)
And the pen holder. Pen (or pencil)
Must be able to move up and down with the help of the servo motor.
Watch the picture above to find out what needs to be done to build the Z axis.
Tip: Use your imagination!
Now that we\'re ready to shrink, it\'s time to build the circuit and test the stepping motor (X and Y axis).
View the above image with a schematic diagram of the breadboard circuit.
The wiring of the stepping motor requires patience.
Next, you will find the \"test\" code for the x-axis and y-axis.
If the stepping motors do not work properly, you must find the right combination of work by changing the cables between them and the L293D ic.
Power supply: you need more current than one usb port can provide, so you have to connect another usb cable, see the 2nd image above.
Connect the power cord only (
Usually red and black)
With the main one.
The voltage stays 5 V, but the current is doubled! (from wiki: max.
Current of USB 2. 0: 0.
5 A and USB 3. 0 & 3. 1: 0. 9 A).
Note: If you want to use different hardware (e. g.
Motor shielding, stepping driver IC)
You must make changes to the above circuit and Arduino code.
Sorry I can\'t help you, search the web to find more information about your hardware.
This guide is made for L293D IC motor drivers.
Here is the test code for X and Y axss embedded with Codebender!
Codebender is an online Arduino IDE-
This is the easiest way to program Arduino boards directly from your browser!
Just click the \"run on Arduino\" button and it\'s OK! Try it!
That\'s great!
For the x-axis: You have to see the x-axis motor moving from the front to the back (
See the picture above with a black arrow).
For the y-axis: You have to see the y-axis motor moving from left to right (red arrow).
Here is the main CNC code, embedded with Codebender!
In this section you will see your pen rising.
If not, change the penUp and penDown variables that control the servo motor (
Just click the \"Edit\" button).
Press the \"run on Arduino\" button to program the Arduino board from your browser!
Now we are ready to print our first picture!
For this we will use gctrl.
Partial differential equation processing program.
This program sends the \"gcode\" image to the cnc draftsman. What is gcode?
Gcode is a file with X, Y, Z coordinates.
The title of this file is set to: M300 s30. 00 (Servo down)G1 X10. 00 Y10. 00 F2500. 00 G1 X20. 00 Y10. 00 F2500. 00 M300 S50. 00 (Servo up)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Update!
Gctrl can be used.
Exe, find the file on \"gctrl exe\" of windows. zip\' file. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
~ Watch the above picture ~ (
If something goes wrong, press \"x\" to stop the drawing machine and try again)
To make gcode files that are compatible with this cnc machine, you must use Inkscape.
Inkscape is a professional quality vector graphics software running on Windows, Mac OS X and Linux.
It is used by design professionals and enthusiasts around the world to create a wide variety of graphics such as illustrations, icons, logos, charts, maps and web graphics.
Inkscape uses the W3C open standard SVG (
Scalable Vector Graphics
Open for free as its native format-SOURCE Software.
Download and install Inkscape from here (
Important: Download 0. 48. 5 version)
Now you need to install an add-on
Enable exporting images to a gcode file.
This add-on can be found here with instructions for installation.
First open Inkscape with settings Inkscape, go to the File menu, and then click document properties \".
See the 1st images above and make changes to make sure to change to \"cm\" first \".
Close this window now.
We will use the area in the range of 4 to 8 cm.
See 2nd pictures above.
You can change the font and size if you want, how to print the textsPut text.
Now click on the cursor icon to center the text like the 3rd image above.
Select the path from the menu and from object to path.
How to print an image is harder than text.
The picture must have a transparent background.
Drag and drop the image into Inkscape.
Click OK for the next window \".
Now you have to re-
Resize the image to fit the print area, see the fourth image above.
Click the path and track bitmap in the menu \".
Follow the fifth picture above to make changes.
Click OK and close the window.
Now, move the grayscale image and delete the color image behind it.
Move the gray image to the correct location again, and then click path in the object to path menu \".
The sixth picture above shows how to delete the image outline.
Export as gcode fileFinal, go to the File menu, click save as and select. gcode.
Click OK on the next window, that\'s it! Ready to go! Use the gctrl. pde (or . exe)
The app prints gcode files on the new Arduino CNC draftsman!
You have successfully completed this tutorial and have your own Arduino mini CNC drawing machine! ! !
I hope you like this and let me know in the comments that I want to see a photo of your CNC machine!
Arduino Mini CNC drawing machine!
This project is an update to my previous cnc with better structure and higher accuracy.
I decided to make this detailed guide to help you get it done in a few simple steps.
Small Description: for the x-axis and y-axis, we will use two stepping motors and rails in the dvd/cd drive, and for the z-axis, we will use a small servo motor that moves the pen up and down.
We will use a small piece of plexiglass for mounting the base.
You can easily attach a pen (or pencil)-
Regardless of its thicknesson it.
I try to use the extension of the cutting tool (e. g. Dremel)
There is no successful engraving material.
So this mini cnc can only be used as a small drawing machine, not as a engraving machine. The Arduino-
The circuit uses the ATmega328 micro-controller, two L293 motor drive chips and a usb-to-serial module.
With Arduino uno boards and breadboards, you can make them easily.
You can also use the Bluetooth module (e. g. HC-06)
Print your text (or images)
Wireless connection via computer Bluetooth!
Cool, right?
Q & A and updates here: cool Arduino items can be found here: www. ardumotive.
Here is the comWatch demo video, continue the next step!
Follow us on FB: us: channelTip: See the picture above.
Visit and purchase your hardware from www. gearbest.
ComFor the circuit you need: parts list for Beginners: parts list for \"pro\": * you also need an Arduino UNO board to program the ATmega328 micro controller.
* The USB to serial adapter will allow the circuit to communicate with the computer via a USB cable, just like the Arduino uno.
Why use the screw terminal connector?
Because you don\'t want to weld and disassemble the cable from the stepping motor until you find the right working combination!
For mounting base: In addition to plexiglass, you can also use wood, metal, or parts in a removable cd/dvd drive: The first step to start making this cnc machine is to disassemble the dvd/cd drive, and remove them from the stepping motor.
Open and remove the guide rail with a screwdriver (
See figure 1st above).
Now that we have two stepping motors, we need to weld some cables on them.
Please note that please see the 2nd image above.
Now we need to find the right combination to drive and use them correctly, so hold the multimeter with a crocodile clip (3rd image)
And put it in \"short-
Circuit function (4th image). Usually (5th image)
The first and second cables are turning off the circuit-
Led on, beep-
That means we found the first stage.
The motor of the stepping motor.
Two other cables, third and fourth, use phase 2-
The motor of the stepping motor.
In my case, a step motor uses the first and third cables in the first phase
The second and fourth cables of the motor and the second phasemotor.
Find the right combination and proceed to the next step.
Follow the steps below to see the picture above: for the x-axis: Place a stepping motor (with rails)
Mark it with a pen on a large piece of organic glass in order to open (4)
Hole of screw.
Make sure it\'s fully aligned! (
With a triangle ruler).
Open the hole and install the motor with nut screws.
Place the four mounting angles on one side of it and mark it with a pen in order to open (8)
Holes required for screws.
Make sure the distance between them is 5mm (
Thickness of organic glass).
The second picture above will help you learn more.
For the y-axis: place another stepping motor on two organic glass sheets and mark them with a pen for opening (4)
Hole of screw.
Again, make sure the motor is fully aligned (
With a triangle ruler).
Put two pieces of plexiglass on the x-axis (
Large organic glass)
Mark them with a pen in order to open (4)
Holes that need to be installed on the mounting angle.
Completion of construction: all holes are opened and construction is completed (
See Figures 3rd and 4 above).
As you can see, I placed a metal surface on the x-axis to install a note
It\'s paper on it. A note-
The paper usually has a size of 75mm x 75mm, but keep in mind that the printing area is only 40mm x 40mm.
Keep in mind that all parts must be exactly the same as the others, which is very important!
This is the most difficult part of our construction.
You need something to fix it on the y-axis, a flat surface.
On this surface, you will connect the servo motor (Z axis)
And the pen holder. Pen (or pencil)
Must be able to move up and down with the help of the servo motor.
Watch the picture above to find out what needs to be done to build the Z axis.
Tip: Use your imagination!
Now that we\'re ready to shrink, it\'s time to build the circuit and test the stepping motor (X and Y axis).
View the above image with a schematic diagram of the breadboard circuit.
The wiring of the stepping motor requires patience.
Next, you will find the \"test\" code for the x-axis and y-axis.
If the stepping motors do not work properly, you must find the right combination of work by changing the cables between them and the L293D ic.
Power supply: you need more current than one usb port can provide, so you have to connect another usb cable, see the 2nd image above.
Connect the power cord only (
Usually red and black)
With the main one.
The voltage stays 5 V, but the current is doubled! (from wiki: max.
Current of USB 2. 0: 0.
5 A and USB 3. 0 & 3. 1: 0. 9 A).
Note: If you want to use different hardware (e. g.
Motor shielding, stepping driver IC)
You must make changes to the above circuit and Arduino code.
Sorry I can\'t help you, search the web to find more information about your hardware.
This guide is made for L293D IC motor drivers.
Here is the test code for X and Y axss embedded with Codebender!
Codebender is an online Arduino IDE-
This is the easiest way to program Arduino boards directly from your browser!
Just click the \"run on Arduino\" button and it\'s OK! Try it!
That\'s great!
For the x-axis: You have to see the x-axis motor moving from the front to the back (
See the picture above with a black arrow).
For the y-axis: You have to see the y-axis motor moving from left to right (red arrow).
Here is the main CNC code, embedded with Codebender!
In this section you will see your pen rising.
If not, change the penUp and penDown variables that control the servo motor (
Just click the \"Edit\" button).
Press the \"run on Arduino\" button to program the Arduino board from your browser!
Now we are ready to print our first picture!
For this we will use gctrl.
Partial differential equation processing program.
This program sends the \"gcode\" image to the cnc draftsman. What is gcode?
Gcode is a file with X, Y, Z coordinates.
The title of this file is set to: M300 s30. 00 (Servo down)G1 X10. 00 Y10. 00 F2500. 00 G1 X20. 00 Y10. 00 F2500. 00 M300 S50. 00 (Servo up)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Update!
Gctrl can be used.
Exe, find the file on \"gctrl exe\" of windows. zip\' file. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
~ Watch the above picture ~ (
If something goes wrong, press \"x\" to stop the drawing machine and try again)
To make gcode files that are compatible with this cnc machine, you must use Inkscape.
Inkscape is a professional quality vector graphics software running on Windows, Mac OS X and Linux.
It is used by design professionals and enthusiasts around the world to create a wide variety of graphics such as illustrations, icons, logos, charts, maps and web graphics.
Inkscape uses the W3C open standard SVG (
Scalable Vector Graphics
Open for free as its native format-SOURCE Software.
Download and install Inkscape from here (
Important: Download 0. 48. 5 version)
Now you need to install an add-on
Enable exporting images to a gcode file.
This add-on can be found here with instructions for installation.
First open Inkscape with settings Inkscape, go to the File menu, and then click document properties \".
See the 1st images above and make changes to make sure to change to \"cm\" first \".
Close this window now.
We will use the area in the range of 4 to 8 cm.
See 2nd pictures above.
You can change the font and size if you want, how to print the textsPut text.
Now click on the cursor icon to center the text like the 3rd image above.
Select the path from the menu and from object to path.
How to print an image is harder than text.
The picture must have a transparent background.
Drag and drop the image into Inkscape.
Click OK for the next window \".
Now you have to re-
Resize the image to fit the print area, see the fourth image above.
Click the path and track bitmap in the menu \".
Follow the fifth picture above to make changes.
Click OK and close the window.
Now, move the grayscale image and delete the color image behind it.
Move the gray image to the correct location again, and then click path in the object to path menu \".
The sixth picture above shows how to delete the image outline.
Export as gcode fileFinal, go to the File menu, click save as and select. gcode.
Click OK on the next window, that\'s it! Ready to go! Use the gctrl. pde (or . exe)
The app prints gcode files on the new Arduino CNC draftsman!
You have successfully completed this tutorial and have your own Arduino mini CNC drawing machine! ! !
I hope you like this and let me know in the comments that I want to see a photo of your CNC machine!
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