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wear of cemented tungsten carbide (wc) router cutters during oak wood milling.

2022-04-14

                                                                                   1.
Introduction of WC-based (WC-Co)
In 1923, cemented carbide was patented in the United Kingdom and the United States.
They begin to be used to make blades of various knives [1].
Different tool wear tests show that the cutting edge made of WC is more wear-resistant, while it is higher than the blade made of stellite
High speed steel
Alloy or Alloy Tool Steel [2].
The average hardness of the diamond cutting edge is four times that of the WC cutting edge, but it is four times weaker in the case of bending strength, in addition, it is characterized by low toughness [3].
Carbide is an alloy of various metallic carbide. -tungsten (W), titanium (Ti)
And/or vanadium (V)
Adhesive with elastic adhesive.
WC was first used in wood processing industry in 1929 [3].
Usually the hard metal used in the wood industry is made of 80-90% W and 20 -10% cobalt (Co)[3].
The cutting edge of the tool used in composite wood processing contains about. 2. 5 -
4% Co, is the most wear-resistant.
These tools are recommended for the treatment of wood materials with a uniform structure, which leads to wear [4].
When the wood composite is processed, the cutting edge of the tool is more intensive than the cutting edge of the processing solid wood [1-4].
When the tool is used to handle wet wood or wood material, more intensive wear occurs on the cutting edge of the tool [3,4].
During cutting, thermal, electrical and chemical factors affect the wear and tear of WC tool blades [5-11].
Wear and tear of the knife (
Micro changes-
Geometry of cutting edge)
Is the main factor restricting the efficiency of tools [4, 6, 12].
According to the test, the wear of the cutting edge of the tool depends on the length of the processing or the duration of the processing, the tool material, the cutting method and the main properties of the processing of solid wood or wood composite [3, 4, 13, 14].
The wear of the cutting edge of the tool can be divided into three stages: initial, monotonous and emergency [5,6, 13].
Wear of the cutting edge leads to a continuous decrease in the quality of the machined surface [15-17].
Due to the particularity of machining, the surface is uneven.
The size of the uniformity depends on the machining mode, the micro-geometry of the cutting edge of the cutter blade (nose)
Cutting direction and cutting feeding speed [18-20].
The main purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the milling mode on the tool wear and surface quality of the processed router. 2.
Test Procedure test is done using a spiral router tool made of hard alloy
Cemented carbide based on T06MG grade cobalt adhesive alloy (Table 1).
Test the stability of router cutting by milling solid wood panels (
900x20mm)
, It is made of glue, using a Poly acetate dispersion (Danafix 437D3)
, Oak component size (
900x67x20mm).
The size of the component is ofsolid Oak (Quercus)
Wood, the average water content is [omega]
= 8%, the average annual ring number of 1 cm is 4.
6 units with density [rho]= 737. 8 kg/[m. sup. 3].
The average temperature of the test laboratory is its effect on tool wear, determined by analyzing the results obtained during milling mode No. 1, 2and 3. [
Figure 2:
In the case of milling modeNo, the wear of the tool is more serious. 1 (Sukumaran, J. ; Gaard, A. 2007.
Effect of microstructure in WC-on edge wear mechanism
International Journal of refractory metals and hard materials 25 (2): 171-178. [2. ]Ramasamy, G. ; Ratnasingam, J. 2010.
Review of wear and tear of cemented carbide tools during wood cutting, Journal of Applied Science 10 (22): 2799-2804. [3. ]
Fathollahzadeh,. ; Scholz, F. ; Keller, T. 2012.
European Journal of wood and wood products 70 (tool decline for processing windows with innovative decorative materials5): 671-677. [4. ]Kowaluk, G. ; Szymanski, W. ; Palubicki, B. ; Beer, P. 2009.
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 67 MDFmilling tool inspection of edge geometry of different materials (2): 173-176. [5. ]Zotov, G. A. ; Panfilov, E. A. 1991.
Improvement of wood durabilitycutting tools.
Moscow: The Ecological Palace. 300 p. (inRussian). [6. ]Guoa, X. ; Ekevad, M. ; Gronlund,A. ; Marklud, B. ; Cao, P. 2014.
Tool wear and machining surface roughness in the peripheral processing of wood flour/polyethylene composite
Milling using carbide tools, biological resources 9 (3): 3779-3791. [7. ]Klamecki, B. E. 1979.
Electric effect in wood cutting tool wear
No.  37 vextov (7): 265-276. [8. ]Winkelmann, H. ; Badisch, E. ; Roy, M. , Danninger, H. 2009.
Corrosion mechanisms in the wood industry, especially corrosion caused by Danic acid, materials and corrosion-
Vauxtov and corrossi 60 (1): 40-48. [9. ]Darmawan, W. ; Rahayu, I. ; Nandika, D. ; Marchal, R. 2012.
The importance of extracts and abrasive materials in wood materials to tool and biological resource wear 7 (4): 4715-4729. [10. ]Pamfilov, E. A. ; Lukashov, S. V. ; Prozorov, Ya. S. 2014.
Mechanical and Chemical fracture of wood cutting equipment components, material science 50 (1): 148-155. [11. ]Darmawan, W. ; Rahayu, I. S. ; Tanaka, C. ; Marchal, R.
2006 Journal of Tropical Forest Science 18 chemical and mechanical wear of tropical wood on high-speed steel and tungsten steel (4):255-260. [12. ]Keturakis, G. ; Lisauskas, V. 2010.
Material Science-effect of sharpnessangle on initial wear of wood milling toolsMedziagotyra 16 (3): 205-209. [13. ]
Porankiewicz, B. 2006.
Theoretical Simulation of cutting edge wear during milling of wood and wood products, Wood Science and Technology 40 (2): 107-117. [14. ]
Porankiewicz, B. ; Iskra, P. , Sandak, J. ; Tanaka, Ch. ; Jozwiak, K. 2006. High-
Wear of high speed steel tool in wood cutting process
Wood Science and Technology 40 (temperature corrosion and mineral contamination)8): 673-682. [15. ]Ohta, M. ; Kawasaki, B. 1995.
Effect of cutting speed on surface quality in wood cutting
Model experiments and simulations through an expanded unique element approach, recorded at 12 international wood processing workshops in Kyoto, Japan: pp56-62. [16. ]Aguilera, A. ; Zamora, R. 2009.
Surface roughness of black wood edge materials and heart materials (
Black Wood acacia. Br. )machined in 90-
0 direction, European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 67 (3): 297-301. [17. ]Abele, A. ; Mioncinskis, U. 2012.
Characterize the parameter change of tool wear during the milling process of aspenwood, Pro Ligno 8 (3): 74-88. [18. ]Aguilera, A. ; Barros, J. L. ; Rollen, A. ; Cardenas, J. ; Meausone, J. P. ; Aguilar, C. 2013.
Evaluation of processing performance of solid wood molding.
Test progress running with sharp cutting edges, Pro Ligno 9 (4): 398-407. [19. ]Bendikiene, R. ; Keturakis, G. 2016.
Effects of tool wear and planning parameters on surface roughness of birch wood5): 791-798. [20. ]Gaff, M. ; Kvietkova, M. ; Gasparik, M. ; Kaplan, L. ; Barcik, S. 2015.
Selected Parameters for heat-modified birch wood and biological resources 10 (4): 7618-7626. [21. ]Sandak, J. ; Palubicki, B. ; Kowaluk, G. 2011.
Measuring edge decay of cutting tools by optical methods, recording of the June 7 international wood processing workshop
Skelleftea: pp, Sweden. 97-104. [22. ]
Small Tiger WoodworkingTools. --[
Visit in January 10, 2017].
Summary This article introduces
Coated hard alloy (WC)
Router tool when milling oak.
The test was done with oak samples.
The sample is milled in a CNC milling router.
The samples are ground in three different grinding modes.
Micro measurement
The geometric parameters are the width of the cutting edge.
Using an optical microscope and a digital microscope camera, the actual value of the cutting edge width is measured by an optical method.
Measure the width of the cutting edge in the established steps of the cutting length.
Use computer software to process and measure the received images.
The results are presented in summary and chart form.
Key words: router cutter, spiral cutting sharpening damage, tung wood, OakD. Kazlauskas (*), V. Jankauskas (**), R. Bendikiene (***), G. Keturakis (****), L. Macenaite (*****)(*)
University of Aleksandras stulginski, student Kaunasdist 15, 53361. , Lithuania, E-
Email: Yahoo. com  (**)
University of Aleksandras stulginski, 53361 kannastik, Lithuania, electronicsmail: vytenis. jankauskas@asu. lt  (***)
Kaunas University of Technology, 51424 Kaunas, Lithuania, E-mail: regita. bendikiene@ktu. lt  (****)
Kaunas University of Technology, 51424 Kaunas, Lithuania, E-mail: gintaras. keturakis@ktu. lt  (*****)
Kaunas University of Technology, 51368 Kaunas, Lithuania, E-mail: loreta.                                                                            

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