Where is the advanced technology of German CNC machine tools?

In recent years, German CNC machine tools have continued to work hard in high-precision, high-speed, high-efficiency, compounding, etc., which deeply reflects the characteristics of high efficiency and energy saving. 1. Advanced technology to improve CNC machining efficiency The improvement of CNC machining efficiency is represented by means of increasing cutting speed, feed speed, jerk, reducing tool change time, loading and unloading time, etc., such as linear feed speed of 150m/min, acceleration of 1g . ⑴ Adopt linear motor and torque motor to shorten the transmission chain and improve the dynamic characteristics of the system. (2) Lightweight design: The structure of moving parts is optimized, and composite materials such as carbon fiber are used to reduce the quality of moving parts. For example, in the lightweight manufacturing of automobile parts, carbon fiber material is used for glue casting, the temperature is controlled at 150 ° C, and the vacuum extrusion and hot pressing are used for curing. The material has high strength and light weight, which is about 30% lighter than metal materials, and can be used as a replacement material for main components such as car shells. BMW and Mercedes-Benz use this material for chassis and body. EEW uses a large number of carbon fiber materials in the moving parts of the machine tool for large-span gantry mobile machine tools to achieve high-dynamic and high-speed motion. (3) The electric spindle is adopted to increase the spindle speed. ⑷The worktable is exchanged, and the material change time is 2.2s, which improves the efficiency of loading and unloading. ⑸ Robot loading and unloading, instead of manual loading and unloading. ⑹High jerk, increased from 50m/s3 to 150m/s3, processing efficiency increased by 30%. ⑺The second tool change, the tool change time is shortened to less than 1s. 2. Advanced technology of composite machining In addition to the commonly used milling-turning composite machining machine tools and dual-spindle machining machine tools in the past, RWTH Aachen University in Germany has explored the combination of milling and laser surface treatment, milling on a matrix material with low hardness and good toughness, and then A layer of material with special properties is welded on the surface by laser processing; Germany EEW cooperated with Hugo Rost Company to combine X-ray flaw detection equipment on the five-axis machining machine of wind turbine blades, realizing milling and flaw detection in one clamping. 3. Advanced technology to improve machining accuracy ⑴ Cool the heating elements in CNC machine tools, such as the primary and secondary of linear drive, CNC turntable, spindle, etc., to reduce the influence of thermal deformation on the accuracy of the machine tool. The positioning accuracy is 6μm, and the repeat positioning accuracy is 4μm. (2) The application of GPS positioning technology in improving assembly accuracy. 4. Modular machine tool technology German machine tool companies have a very fine division of labor, and the concept of modularity runs through the entire process of machine tool production: ⑴Machine tool modular design: The machine tool is divided into modules and rationally divided, and the electromechanical-hydraulic integration is designed. ⑵According to the result of modular design, components such as motors, lead screws, guide rails, and tool magazines are directly purchased, and parts such as frames, columns, and beams are processed externally, so that most machine tool companies do not carry out or a small amount of machining. (3) Modular assembly: In order to improve the efficiency of machine tool assembly, component-level assembly (including electromechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic) is carried out first. There are convenient interfaces between modules, which makes the modules more independent and facilitates transportation and assembly. 5. Intelligent automatic machine tool technology One of Germany's high-tech development strategies in machine tools is digital factory, automation of production and processing, energy saving and adaptation to various requirements. In HEIDENHAIN, the logistics of small parts adopts fully automatic intelligent AGV vehicles, which realize the functions of automatic planning, automatic obstacle avoidance, automatic opening and closing of doors, automatic elevators, etc., with high intelligence. The development trend of German machine tool equipment is automation, high efficiency and energy saving. In addition to satisfying basic processing functions, machine tool equipment gradually provides users with integrated and automated solutions. For example, TRUMPF not only sells machine tools in China, but more importantly, plans and provides overall automobile manufacturing workshops, production lines and equipment for Chinese automobile manufacturing enterprises. Its products widely use automatic loading and unloading devices to improve the processing efficiency and automation of machine tools. Greatly improve. The automatic manufacturing line of BMW automobile and motorcycle frames was previously manufactured manually. The Machine Tool Research Institute of Kasruhr University uses machine tools and space forming technology to control the machine tool numerical control system, robot processing and forming, automatic cutting, process automatic control, and measuring machine stations. The processing of measurement, subsequent drilling and other processes, automatic assembly and welding processing. Research on the adaptive processing process of different models is being done, and the whole process will be automated by robots in the future. 6. Other machine tool technology ①Three-point support, no need to lay foundation. ② Ergonomics, better accessibility. ③ Green manufacturing advanced technology. ④Minimum quantity lubrication, MQL at low temperature. ⑤ Liquid nitrogen cooling technology. ⑥ Energy-saving equipment. Germany has completely stopped nuclear power and plans to fully adopt renewable energy by 2050, which not only poses challenges to the energy field, but also puts forward requirements for energy-saving equipment in the machine tool manufacturing industry.